Marriage privatization is the concept that the state should have no authority to define the terms of personal relationships such as marriage. Proponents of marriage privatization, including certain minarchists, anarchists, libertarians, and opponents of government interventionism, claim that such relationships are best defined by private individuals and not the state. Arguments for the privatization of marriage have been offered by a number of scholars and writers.
Libertarian David Boaz suggests privatizing marriage in a way that models the nature of standard business contracts. Boaz's idea is to allow two (or more) individuals to set the terms of their own private marital contract in a way that is best for the individuals involved. The government could be called upon to enforce the contract but may have no other role in developing the contract and setting the terms.
In the US, the only known members of Congress to support privatization of state marriage are Sen. Rand Paul, Rep. Justin Amash, and Rep. Gary Palmer.
Characteristics | Values |
---|---|
People's role in the marriage contract | People can make their own marriage contract, but it is also a three-way contract between two people and the government. |
State's role in the marriage contract | The state has the authority to define the terms of personal relationships such as marriage. |
Supporters of state's involvement in marriage | Conservatives, liberals, and libertarians. |
Supporters of privatization of marriage | Minarchists, anarchists, libertarians, opponents of government interventionism, scholars, writers, and left-leaning political commentators. |
Arguments for state's involvement in marriage | The state has a profound interest in the integrity and well-being of marriage. Marriage is the foundation of society and cannot be entrusted to governments. |
Arguments against state's involvement in marriage | Privatization of marriage is a solution to the social controversy over same-sex marriage. |
Issues with privatization of marriage | The state will still have to decide what sort of private unions merit benefits. |
What You'll Learn
The state's role in marriage
One of the primary functions of the state in marriage is to define and approve the terms of the union. This includes setting eligibility requirements, such as age and residency restrictions, as well as determining the process for obtaining a marriage license and certificate. In most states, couples are required to provide valid identification, proof of age, and sometimes even social security numbers or birth certificates. Additionally, some states mandate waiting periods before a license can be issued, while others require the presence of witnesses or an officiant to legalise the marriage.
The state also plays a significant role in recognising and validating marriages. A marriage that is legally recognised in one state may not necessarily be valid in another, as each state has its own set of requirements and laws governing the marriage process. This recognition extends across state lines, provided that the couple has obtained the necessary license and certificate from the state where the marriage was solemnised.
Furthermore, the state's involvement in marriage is closely tied to various economic and social policies. Marital status can impact eligibility and benefit levels for numerous government programs, including taxation, healthcare, and welfare. The state's interest in defining and approving marriages is often linked to the role that marital status plays in these programs.
Additionally, the state's role in marriage has been a subject of debate, especially regarding same-sex marriage. Proponents of privatisation argue that removing the state from the equation would defuse social controversies surrounding marriage equality. On the other hand, opponents argue that privatisation could undermine the cultural and social significance of marriage, particularly in shaping the development of children and securing their best interests.
While the state's role in marriage is multifaceted and complex, the ongoing debate surrounding privatisation highlights the tension between individual freedom and state intervention in defining the terms of personal relationships.
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Marriage privatisation
One of the main arguments in favour of marriage privatisation is that it would remove the state from the "gay marriage debate". By privatising marriage, the state would no longer be involved in determining the terms of marriage, and therefore the controversy over whether the state should sanction same-sex marriage would become irrelevant.
Another argument in favour of marriage privatisation is that it would reduce the role of the state in defining and regulating personal relationships. This would give individuals more freedom to define their own relationships according to their own beliefs and values. Additionally, privatisation could allow for more flexibility and variety in marital arrangements, as individuals would be able to create contracts that best suit their needs and desires.
However, there are also arguments against marriage privatisation. Some opponents argue that privatisation would destroy marriage as a public institution and that the state has a legitimate interest in maintaining the integrity and well-being of marriage. Others argue that privatisation could lead to uncertainty and conflict over which types of relationships should be recognised and granted benefits by the state.
In conclusion, marriage privatisation is a complex issue that spans both liberal and conservative political camps. While privatisation may offer increased freedom and flexibility for individuals, it also raises questions about the role of the state in regulating personal relationships and ensuring the well-being of society.
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Wedding contract basics
A wedding contract is an agreement to marry your spouse. However, there are several other agreements that married people may enter into. These include prenuptial agreements, postnuptial agreements, separation agreements, and marital settlement agreements.
Prenuptial agreements are contracts that you and your spouse enter into before marriage. They describe what property and financial assets you and your spouse bring into the marriage and how those assets will be handled during the marriage and in the event of a divorce. Both parties need to be represented by attorneys and complete disclosure of all property and assets owned before marriage will increase the likelihood of the prenuptial agreement being enforced.
Postnuptial agreements are similar but are entered into after the couple is legally married.
Separation agreements are made when a couple agrees to live separately without getting divorced. They address child support, child custody, spousal maintenance, and the division of property and assets.
Marital settlement agreements are made when a couple agrees to end their marriage and can be made without getting the court involved. They address spousal and child support obligations, visitation and custody arrangements, and the division of property and assets without court involvement.
In addition to these agreements, wedding vendor contracts are also important. These contracts are made with each of your wedding vendors and should include the following:
- The names of both parties and the main point of contact
- The location of the wedding or where the services will be provided/delivered
- The start and end time of the services
- A detailed list of services being provided
- A deposit and payment schedule
- Contact information for the vendor
- A refund and cancellation policy
- Payment and fee details, including any extra fees, taxes, and service charges
- A signature from both parties
It is also important to get everything in writing, including any changes or additions to the original contract. This ensures that both parties are on the same page and protects both the couple and the vendor from potential issues.
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Marriage across state lines
Marriage laws vary from state to state in the US, and it is sometimes necessary to get married in a different state if you want to have a valid marriage. For example, in the case of Loving v. Virginia, the couple was married in Washington D.C. because Virginia did not allow interracial marriages in 1958. Similarly, when same-sex marriage was illegal in some states, people would travel to other states with more inclusive laws to get married.
Each state has jurisdiction over its celebration laws, meaning they can decide who is allowed to wed and under what circumstances. While state laws are more aligned now, there have been several interstate debates throughout history. These include same-sex and interracial marriages, as well as unions involving minors and members of the same family.
Most states require a marriage license, and couples who perform a marriage without one will not have their union recognized. However, some states still recognize common-law marriage, which does not require a marriage license but instead usually involves cohabitation and holding themselves out as a married couple (e.g. by using the same last name).
Since marriage laws vary by state, so do the requirements for having a marriage approved and a marriage license issued. In general, couples must provide proof of identity and entitlement to be wed in the state of their choice. This can include a photo ID, original birth certificate, divorce decree if previously married, basic information about each spouse's parents, and a social security card.
Some states have residency requirements, meaning at least one spouse must be a resident for the union to be recorded. In some counties, although there is no residency requirement at the state level, non-residents must wait a few days before they can have a wedding ceremony performed by a county marriage official. Other states require that one or more witnesses be present at the ceremony for the marriage to be legally valid. A few states still perform mandatory premarital blood tests to check for diseases and some genetic conditions.
While marriage laws are decided at the state level in the US, marriages performed in one state are usually recognized across the country, as long as they do not violate federal or state laws.
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Marriage officiants
In most states, an officiant is required to legalise a marriage. However, there are some exceptions. Certain states recognise self-solemnizing/self-uniting weddings or "Quaker" weddings, which do not require an officiant. In these ceremonies, only the couple and sometimes witnesses are present.
To become a civil officiant, you can go through a number of online services. In theory, anyone could officiate a wedding as long as they've gone through the appropriate process and can show they're legally qualified to do so.
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Frequently asked questions
People can make their own wedding contract, but it will not be legally binding without state involvement. A marriage license confirms your eligibility to be married and is required in almost every state.
A marriage license is obtained before the ceremony and becomes the marriage certificate after it is signed.
A wedding contract should include the basics such as the names of both parties, the location of the wedding, the start and end time, a detailed list of services being provided, a deposit and payment schedule, and contact information for the vendor.
Yes, a wedding contract is a summary of the agreement between two parties and should only be signed once both parties are in complete agreement with its terms. Discuss any desired revisions with the vendor before signing.