Wedding Barns: Can You Build One On Your Property?

Barn weddings are an increasingly popular choice for couples, with 15% of couples choosing to say I do in a barn, on a farm, or on a ranch in 2017, according to The Knot. This trend shows no signs of slowing down, and many people are considering converting their barns into wedding venues to capitalize on the demand. However, there are several important factors to consider before making this decision. Firstly, zoning laws and ordinances must be complied with. Most barns are zoned for agricultural purposes, so a variance application may be necessary. Additionally, local sound ordinances and noise restrictions must be considered to avoid disturbing neighbors. Another crucial aspect is ensuring compliance with farmland preservation laws, which may impose restrictions on the use of preserved farmland for non-agricultural purposes. Upfront costs for renovations or rebuilding can be significant, and it is essential to assess the condition of the barn and determine whether renovation or rebuilding is more feasible. Finally, other considerations include adequate parking, ADA compliance, food preparation areas, electrical outlets, and restrooms.

Zoning and ordinance considerations

• Zoning laws: Check the applicable zoning laws for your area. Farms are typically zoned for agricultural purposes, but most are not zoned for commercial business. If your farm is not zoned for commercial use, you will likely need to apply for a variance from your local zoning board. Remember that zoning codes can dictate various aspects of your wedding barn business, such as the placement of an industrial kitchen, the number and location of restrooms, and whether you can obtain a liquor license. Each of these may require separate permits, so ensure you comply with the relevant guidelines to avoid liability issues.
• Residential and agricultural zoning: If you live on the farm, be mindful of the zoning lines between residential and agricultural areas. Some towns have specific rules prohibiting the operation of a business in residential zones, which could impact your plans.
• Local ordinances: Even if you meet the general zoning requirements, don't forget about local ordinances. These can include restrictions on loud noises after a certain time, typically between 10:00 pm and 11:00 pm, and high traffic volume at inconvenient times. Ensure you understand and comply with the local rules to maintain a good relationship with your neighbours and the local community.
• Maximum occupation or capacity: When dealing with zoning and code compliance, consider the maximum number of people your property can accommodate. This will impact the number of guests allowed at each wedding event.
• Parking availability: Ensure there is ample on-site parking available for guests. If parking space is limited, consider alternatives such as renting a local lot or partnering with a shuttle service to transport guests to and from the wedding venue.
• Walking pathways: Think about how guests will move around your property, especially if the landscape consists of grass or dirt, which can become muddy or dusty in poor weather. Creating walking pathways can enhance the guest experience and prevent messes.
• ADA compliance: The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) is not just a guideline but a law that must be followed. Ensure your property is ADA-compliant or bring in a contractor who can make the necessary adaptations, such as installing ramps, automatic doors, and support bars in restrooms.
• Food preparation area: Your wedding barn venue will likely need either a full-service kitchen or a regulation food preparation area if it serves as both the ceremony and reception site. Consult with catering companies or specialists to ensure you comply with the necessary regulations.

Farmland preservation laws

If you're considering turning your barn into a wedding venue, there are a few things you should know about farmland preservation laws. These laws are in place to protect farmland from being converted to non-agricultural uses, and they can vary from state to state. Here's an overview of some key considerations:

• Zoning laws: Farms are typically zoned for agricultural purposes, but most are not zoned for commercial business. Check with your local zoning board to see if you need to apply for a variance to operate a commercial business. Also, be aware of zoning lines between residential and agricultural areas, as some towns prohibit the operation of businesses in residential zones.
• Farmland preservation laws: If your farmland is preserved, you may face additional restrictions. Preserved farmland has typically sold its development rights to the government in exchange for a cash payment, preserving it as open space for agricultural use only. This can impact your ability to build new infrastructure or change the use of your property. For example, in Pennsylvania, farmland preservation laws do not allow the construction of new infrastructure unless it is for agricultural purposes.
• State-specific regulations: Each state has its own farmland preservation programs and regulations. For instance, New Jersey's Farmland Preservation Program helps landowners meet their financial goals by providing capital or cost-sharing grants, while also protecting their land from government acquisition. In contrast, the state of Virginia has allocated matching funds to local programs that purchase development rights to farmland, preserving acres of historic plantations and farms.
• Federal regulations: At the federal level, the Farmland Protection Policy Act (FPPA) aims to minimize the impact of federal programs on the unnecessary conversion of farmland to non-agricultural uses. This policy ensures that federal programs are compatible with state and local government programs that aim to protect farmland.
• Easements and development rights: One popular approach to farmland preservation is through easements, which allow farms to remain operational while being protected. Development rights can be sold or donated, with deed restrictions that run with the land, prohibiting non-agricultural development for future owners as well.
• Other approaches: Less common approaches to farmland preservation include establishing agricultural districts, using zoning to protect agricultural land, purchasing development rights, and transferable development rights programs.

Before converting your barn into a wedding venue, be sure to consult with your local zoning or farmland preservation board to understand the specific regulations, permits, variances, and licenses you may need. Non-compliance could put your farm and personal assets at risk.

Parking and pathways

When planning to convert your barn into a wedding venue, it is important to ensure that there is ample parking space on your property. Calculate the exact number of vehicles that can fit on your property, and if you think it might not be enough, consider renting a local lot and partnering with a shuttle service.

In addition to parking, creating walking pathways for your guests is essential. These pathways will not only prevent guests from getting muddy or dusty but will also keep their shoes from sinking into the ground. Well-maintained pathways will also ensure the safety and comfort of your guests, especially if there are guests with limited mobility.

To comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), you may need to engage a contractor to make adaptations to your property. This may include installing ramps, automatic doors, and support bars next to toilets. These changes will ensure that your venue is accessible to all guests, including those with disabilities.

It is also important to be a good neighbour when planning your wedding venue. Be respectful, especially when it comes to noise and parking. Communicate with your neighbours beforehand and provide them with a contact person if any issues arise. Let them know your plans in advance to avoid any potential problems, such as noise complaints or towed cars.

Catering and kitchen facilities

Zoning and Permits:

Firstly, check the zoning laws for your area. Most farms are zoned for agricultural purposes and not commercial business. If your property is not zoned for commercial use, you will likely need to apply for a variance from your local zoning board. Zoning codes can also dictate if and where you can place a kitchen on the property. It is important to ensure compliance with these regulations to avoid any legal issues.

Food Options:

When it comes to catering for a wedding barn, there are several options to consider. You can opt for a full-service catering company that will handle all the food preparation and service. These companies can provide a variety of menu options, from rustic, country-style cuisine to more elegant fare. Using a catering company can ensure that food is prepared and served safely and efficiently. Alternatively, you may choose to prepare the food yourself or enlist the help of family and friends. This can be a more cost-effective option, but it requires careful planning and coordination.

Kitchen Facilities:

If you plan to have catering services or food preparation on-site, you will need to ensure that you have adequate kitchen facilities. This may include a full-service kitchen or a designated food preparation area that complies with health and safety regulations. Consider the amount of space you will need for food storage, preparation, and cleaning. If your barn does not currently have a kitchen, you may need to build or renovate to create the necessary facilities.

Menu Planning:

When planning the menu for your wedding barn, consider incorporating local and seasonal ingredients. Think about what is typically available and in season during the time of year you plan to host your events. For example, if you are hosting a summer wedding, highlight fresh produce such as corn and peaches. For a winter wedding, root vegetables and hearty dishes may be more appropriate. Creating a menu that showcases local flavours can add a unique touch to your event.

Presentation and Service:

In addition to the food itself, consider how it will be presented and served to your guests. Rustic wooden planks and trays can add to the charm of a barn wedding. For a more interactive experience, you can set up food stations or a buffet where guests can help themselves. Ensure you have enough tables and seating for your guests to enjoy their meals comfortably. Don't forget to plan for any special dietary requirements, such as vegetarian, vegan, or gluten-free options, to accommodate all your guests' needs.

Restrooms

If your barn does not already have restroom facilities, you have a few options. You can install plumbing and build permanent restrooms, or you can opt for a temporary solution such as rented portable restrooms. If you choose to rent portable restrooms, you have several options ranging from luxury restroom trailers to more traditional portable units.

When deciding on the number and type of restrooms, it is important to consider the location of your wedding venue. If your venue is outdoors and far from an indoor facility, providing restrooms can make your event more smooth and comfortable for your guests. In such cases, some venues may even require wedding restroom rentals before accommodating a booking.

When setting up the restrooms, consider the three S's: sight, sound, and scent. Place the restroom area away from where guests will be eating and drinking, preferably behind some obscuring space like a barn or trees. However, do not place the restrooms too far away, especially if you have chosen luxury restrooms that require electricity.

In addition to the restrooms themselves, it is important to provide adequate handwashing stations and other amenities for your guests. You can add a few thoughtful touches to the restroom area, such as flowers, signage, or customization to enhance the overall aesthetic experience for your guests.

Frequently asked questions