George Boyle
The Tridentine Mass, also known as the Tridentine Rite, is an older form of the Catholic Mass that was universally celebrated until the Second Vatican Council. In Catholic weddings, the Rite of Marriage occurs in the middle of the Mass in the Novus Ordo Mass, whereas in the Tridentine Mass, the Rite of Marriage occurs at the beginning, followed by the uninterrupted Mass. The Tridentine Mass is conducted in Latin, the official language of the Catholic Church, and involves specific prayers, readings, and rituals. The priest's attire and behaviour are also important aspects of the ceremony. The Tridentine Mass has a one-year cycle of readings and is known for its formality and structure, which some Catholics find appealing.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Language | Latin |
| Order of events | Rite of Marriage followed by uninterrupted Mass |
| Readings | Epistle and Gospel |
| Music | Gregorian chant, polyphony, or psalm tone |
| Homily | Optional |
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What You'll Learn
- The Tridentine Rite is the 'extraordinary form' of the Roman Rite
- Readings are standardised and in Latin
- The Rite of Marriage is at the beginning, followed by uninterrupted Mass
- The priest may pray: Cleanse my heart and my lips, O almighty God... before the Gospel
- The Last Gospel is the beginning of the Gospel of John
The Tridentine Rite is the 'extraordinary form' of the Roman Rite
The Tridentine Mass, also known as the Extraordinary Form of the Roman Rite, is the liturgy in the Roman Missal of the Catholic Church. It was codified in 1570 and published with amendments up to 1962. It is celebrated almost exclusively in Ecclesiastical Latin and was the most widely used Eucharistic liturgy globally from 1570 until its replacement in 1969. The term "Tridentine" comes from the Latin "Tridentinus", which means "related to the city of Trent", where the Council of Trent was held during the Counter-Reformation.
The Council of Trent (1545-1563) was convened in response to the rise of Protestantism in Europe, and it addressed various issues, including modifications to the traditional Latin Rite Mass. The Council directed Pope St. Pius V to impose a revised missal on all Western dioceses and religious orders that had not used their own calendar or modified liturgical text for at least 200 years. This missal, known as the Tridentine Missal, included prayers for the priest to recite before and after Mass. The rite of Mass as revised by Pope Pius V did not consider a sermon obligatory but rather optional, leaving it to the priest's discretion.
The Tridentine Mass includes an entrance psalm (Introibo and Judica Me), a penitential rite (Confiteor), and the reading of the Last Gospel (John 1:1-14) at the end. It is theologically rich, emphasizing the concept of Mass as a mystical reality in which the sacrifice of Christ on the Cross is renewed. The prayers and readings for each feast are strictly prescribed, and the traditional missal serves as a living catechism of the Faith for those who attend the Tridentine Latin Mass.
The use of the Tridentine Mass has been a subject of debate within the Catholic Church. Some Traditionalist Catholics strongly attach to it, referring to it as the "Traditional Mass" or the "Traditional Latin Mass". In 1988, Pope John Paul II issued a motu proprio, Ecclesia Dei, which exhorted bishops to generously allow the celebration of the Tridentine Mass for those who requested it. In 2007, Pope Benedict XVI issued another motu proprio, Summorum Pontificum, declaring that the Roman Missal promulgated by Pope Paul VI is the ordinary expression of the lex orandi (law of prayer) of the Catholic Church of the Latin rite. However, he also stated that the Roman Missal promulgated by St. Pius V and reissued by St. John XXIII is to be considered an extraordinary expression of the same lex orandi.
In conclusion, the Tridentine Rite, or the Extraordinary Form of the Roman Rite, is a liturgy within the Catholic Church that has a long history and a devoted following. Its formal structure, contemplative nature, and theological richness have been valued by many Catholics, both traditional and contemporary. While it is no longer the primary liturgy used by the Church, it continues to hold significance and is permitted to be celebrated under certain conditions.
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Readings are standardised and in Latin
The Tridentine Mass, also known as the Tridentine Rite, is the older form of the Catholic Mass universally celebrated until the Second Vatican Council. The Tridentine Mass is named after the Council of Trent, which codified and standardised readings for the masses throughout the year. The Tridentine Mass was revised by Pope Pius V, and the Roman Missal was reissued by Pope St. Pius V and later by Pope John XXIII.
The Tridentine Mass is conducted in Latin, which is the official language of the Catholic Church. The use of Latin throughout the Church signifies her unity, a sign deemed appropriate for a nuptial Mass. In the Tridentine Rite, the Rite of Marriage happens at the beginning, followed by the uninterrupted Mass. The priest(s) will recite or chant the readings, and the couple's first act as a married couple is to participate in the Mass and receive the Eucharist.
Hymns are usually allowed for the procession in and out, but they should either not be used during the Mass or chosen carefully for their beauty, timelessness, and faithfulness to the Word of God. The best music setting for the Mass is generally considered to be Gregorian chant. The priest will pray before the reading or chanting of the Gospel: "Cleanse my heart and my lips, O almighty God, who didst cleanse the lips of the prophet Isaias...", a reference to Isaiah 6:6. The priest will then read the Last Gospel, the beginning of the Gospel of John, John 1:1–14, which recounts the Incarnation of the Son of God.
The Tridentine Mass includes prayers for the priest to say before and after the Mass. The Mass is considered a prayer and divine sacrifice, and its formality and structure are intended to protect, preserve, and nourish contemplation.
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The Rite of Marriage is at the beginning, followed by uninterrupted Mass
The Tridentine Mass is conducted in Latin, the official language of the Catholic Church. It is a highly formal and structured ceremony, with the priest's offering of the Mass not contingent on the congregation hearing him; it is a prayer and divine sacrifice. The Mass includes the Last Gospel, the beginning of the Gospel of John, John 1:1–14, which recounts the Incarnation of the Son of God. The priest also prays: "Cleanse my heart and my lips, O almighty God, who didst cleanse the lips of the prophet Isaias...", a reference to Isaiah 6:6.
Hymns are usually allowed for the procession in and out, but not during the Mass itself. The best music setting for the Mass is Gregorian chant, and the best texts are the propers, as they are directly from Scripture. The Tridentine Mass also includes prayers for the priest to say before and after the Mass.
The Rite of Marriage, occurring at the beginning of the Tridentine Mass, includes the exchange of vows, followed immediately by the uninterrupted Mass. This means the first act of the newly married couple is to participate in the Mass and receive the Eucharist. The priest(s) will recite or chant the readings, and the pastor may speak of "procreation and the upbringing of offspring" during the "admonishment on the responsibilities of the married state". The proper epistle for the nuptial mass in the Tridentine form is the passage from Ephesians that admonishes "wives, be submissive to your husbands; husbands, love your wife".
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The priest may pray: Cleanse my heart and my lips, O almighty God... before the Gospel
The Tridentine Mass, also known as the Mass as revised by Pope Pius V, includes a prayer that the priest may recite before the Gospel reading: "Cleanse my heart and my lips, O almighty God, who didst cleanse the lips of the prophet Isaias..." This prayer is a reference to Isaiah 6:6, where the prophet Isaiah has a vision of an angel purifying his lips with a burning coal. After this purification, Isaiah is instructed to prophesy.
The full prayer recited by the priest in the Tridentine Mass continues, "...who didst cleanse the lips of the prophet Isaias with a live coal from Thine altar: vouchsafe to bless my lips and tongue, that worthily and fittingly I may proclaim Thy holy Gospel. Through Christ our Lord. Amen." This prayer is an acknowledgement of the importance of the Gospel reading and a request for divine assistance in delivering it effectively.
The Tridentine Mass does not consider a sermon obligatory but speaks of it as merely optional. It presumes that if a Creed is to be said, it will follow the Gospel immediately. However, if there is to be a sermon, the Homilist will preach after the Gospel is finished, and then the Credo is said.
The prayer, "Cleanse my heart and my lips, O almighty God...", is a reminder of the significance of the Gospel reading and a request for guidance and blessing in proclaiming it. It is a way to prepare oneself spiritually for the reading and to ensure that it is delivered with reverence and dignity.
The laity and all others attending Mass are invited to make a similar prayer and gesture before the Gospel is read. They are encouraged to say a brief prayer interiorly, such as, "May the Word of the Lord be on my mind, on my lips, and in my heart." This practice is rooted in biblical traditions, such as the instruction in Deuteronomy 6:8 for the people of Israel to recite a particular phrase ("Hear, O Israel...") daily and to wear it as a pendant on their forehead as a constant reminder of God's Word.
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The Last Gospel is the beginning of the Gospel of John
The Tridentine Mass is the form of the Roman Rite promulgated by St. Pius V in the 16th century. It is characterised by its formality and structure, which some Catholics believe protects, preserves, and nourishes contemplation. The Tridentine Mass is also celebrated in Latin, which became the language of the Roman liturgy in the late 4th century.
The Gospel of John introduces Jesus Christ not from his birth but from "the beginning", before creation. John refers to Jesus as "the Word" (Logos) who, as God Himself, was involved in every aspect of creation. It includes several spiritual conversations, such as Jesus' talk with the Samaritan woman, which reveals Him as the Messiah, and Jesus' meeting with Nicodemus, which explains salvation through His vicarious death on the cross. John also portrays Jesus as the God of the Old Testament, emphasising His divinity and humanity.
The Gospel of John also includes unique scenes not found in the synoptic gospels, such as Jesus turning water into wine at the wedding at Cana, the resurrection of Lazarus, and Jesus washing the feet of his disciples. It also lacks certain scenes found in the synoptics, such as Jesus' baptism and the calling of the Twelve. The Gospel of John concludes with the final week of Jesus' life, culminating in His crucifixion and post-resurrection appearances.
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Frequently asked questions
The Tridentine Mass is conducted in Latin, the official language of the Catholic Church.
In a Tridentine wedding, the Rite of Marriage happens at the beginning, followed by the uninterrupted Mass. The exchange of vows is the first event, after which the newly married couple participate in the Mass and receive the Eucharist.
The Tridentine wedding Mass includes the customary reading of the Last Gospel, the beginning of the Gospel of John, John 1:1–14, which recounts the Incarnation of the Son of God. The proper epistle for the nuptial mass is the passage from Ephesians that admonishes "wives, be submissive to your husbands, husbands love your wife".
Hymns are usually allowed for the procession in and out, but not during the Mass itself. The best music setting for the Mass is Gregorian chant, and the best texts are the propers as they are directly from Scripture.
